Terms Of
Reference
Formative Research to inform the design of a sanitation marketing
approach in five districts in NTT province in Indonesia
1.
Background
Indonesia
has a strong enabling environment for sanitation and hygiene at national level.
This has not yet translated into universal gains at sub-national levels and
there remains a compelling case to further invest in improved sanitation and
good hygiene behaviour. More than 94 million people—43% of the population—do
not have access to a toilet at home. Rural sanitation coverage currently stands
at 34%.[1]
Nusa Tenggara Timur
(NTT) Province is lagging behind the rest of the country and has the lowest
sanitation coverage in Indonesia.[2]
With a population of 4.7 million, NTT includes 19 of the poorest, least-served
districts in the country.
Ministry
of Health (MoH) health data research shows that open defecation is a feature of
everyday life for most of the NTT population where only 22% of households have
an improved toilet. Most households
(53%) have an unimproved toilet, 22% open defecate and 3% have shared toilets.[3]
Plan’s experience in NTT has shown that open defecation is not only caused by a
lack of adequate facilities but is compounded by extremely low levels of
hygiene knowledge and a perception that toilets are expensive.
To
lift sanitation and hygiene coverage, the Government of Indonesia’s (GoI)
National Sanitation Policy (abbreviated to ‘STBM’ in Indonesian) has a five
pillar approach. A community is said to have achieved total sanitation when
there is: open defecation free (ODF) status; hand washing with soap; household
water treatment; solid waste management; and wastewater management.
With
funding support from AusAID, Plan Indonesia in collaboration with Plan
Australia will support the Provincial Government of NTT to promote STBM in 5
districts from 2013 to 2017. The goal of
the Project is that ‘District governments ensure
communities in remote, rural Indonesia have access to improved sanitation
facilities and practise hygiene behaviours of the GoI Total Sanitation Campaign
(STBM)’. To achieve the objective of
improved sanitation the Project will build on Plan Indonesia’s sanitation
marketing experience. It will support
sanitation entrepreneurs to produce low-cost sanitation goods through advice on
product quality and certification, marketing, networking and business
management
In order to guide the
development of this strategy, Plan requires the service of a consultant with a
strong expertise and experience in conducting a formative research.
2. Objectives and
Output
The objectives of this formative research are:
-
To collect
information about consumer needs and preference for sanitation solution
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To
understand the supply chains for sanitation related product and service
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To provide
information about policy and enabling environment within all of above are
occurring
Outputs expected from this research are:
-
Solid understanding about what create and suppresses house hold demand
for improved sanitation in the target area
-
Information about capacity of the private sector to supply sanitation
product and service that people want an will pay for
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Understanding about how the consumers and supplier access and transmit
information
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Information about stakeholders and partners who likely involve in
sanitation demand creation and supply provision
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Information basis for segmenting the market of potential new sanitation
consumers according to the main motivations and constraints they face for
installation of a home latrine
3.
Methodology and Technical Approach
This formative
research will study sanitation demand and supply, also potential resources and
conditions of a specific place related to sanitation marketing through a
combination of qualitative and quantitative research, with primary and
secondary data input.
Some information
that we need to know through this research are guided within table below.
However more information and data are required to be collected whenever
necessary based on professional/consultant judgment. All collected information
are then need to be analyzed to inform Plan Indonesia in developing sustainable
sanitation market in 5 districts in NTT province.
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Aspect
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Information we need to know
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Data Type
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Collection method
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Information Media and Local Events
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What kind and how many types of information medias
and local events are available and can be accessed by households? (including
local culture events)
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Secondary data
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Secondary survey, interview with related
officials
|
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Demographic
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What is the structure of occupation in
communities?
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Primary data
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Interview with related officials
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Demand for Sanitation
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How much number of household with
latrine adopter and non adopter also they access to water?
|
Secondary data
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Focus group discussion, observation
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How far Households with already been
latrine adopt think about Technology Awareness and Choice?
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Secondary data
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In-depth interview
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How the History of current Latrine
Construction already adopt by Households? How the Construction Process and
Constraints? How the Latrine Use and Maintenance?
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Secondary data
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In-depth interview
|
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Are Households with non latrine adopt
have Intention to Install Home Sanitation? What learning can be obtained from
their reason?
|
Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
|
|
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How do non-latrine adopter households
think about their current defecation practice? How is they current defecation
practice?
|
Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
|
|
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How are Households with non latrine
adopt Aware of Home Sanitation and Latrine Technologies? And how they to Anticipated
Latrine Use and Maintenance?
|
Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
|
|
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Who makes decisions in the home about improving
home sanitation (target audience)?
|
Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
|
|
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What defecation places and practices are people
using now, including elderly, children, and
ill/infirmed, including the types and styles of
latrines and methods of pit emptying and fecal disposal?
Are there any potentially risky practices?
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Secondary data
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In-depth interview
|
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What do we want those with poor facilities and
practices to be doing (desired outcomes)?
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Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
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Who are the households with unsafe sanitation
facilities and practices (target groups), how many are
they? How do they differ from those with safe and
hygienic facilities and practices?
|
Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
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What factors motivate households to invest in the
desired outcomes?
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Secondary data
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In-depth interview
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What factors constrain investment in household
latrines, e.g., financial, competing household
demands and priorities (barriers and
constraints)?
|
Secondary data
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In-depth interview
|
|
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How does the target audience communicate and/or
find out about new ideas?
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Secondary data
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In-depth interview
|
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What do consumers know and like/dislike about
currently available options for improving sanitation
(and if relevant, for pit emptying and sludge
disposal services)?
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Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
|
|
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Supply of Products and Services
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How much available number of related
manufacturers, distributors, store, local entrepreneurs, and mason?
|
Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
|
|
What sanitation-related products and services are
available, where do they come from, and what do
they cost? Who buys them?
|
Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
|
|
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Who provides these products and services now
(importers, manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors,
retailers, service providers)? How are these
products and services marketed?
|
Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
|
|
|
What skills do the current providers have or
lack?
|
Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
|
|
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What operating constraints do these businesses
now face?
|
Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
|
|
|
What barriers would these businesses face in
expanding to serve the new low-income markets of
interest for sanitation marketing?
|
Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
|
|
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What opportunities do these businesses see in
expanding to serve new low-income markets of
interest? Do they have the capacity to expand?
|
Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
|
|
|
What are the supply chains and prices for
construction materials, components, and pit emptying
services and how are these prices determined and
set?
|
Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
|
|
|
What payment and credit systems exist for the
payment of products and services?
|
Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
|
|
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What formal and informal savings and loan systems
are available for households to use for sanitation
construction or for small-scale local businesses
and independent service providers to
expand/improve?
|
Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
|
|
|
Is there natural resource available for
sanitation product material?
|
Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
|
|
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Where the sanitation
providers get construction materials, such as concrete, steel, and sand?
|
Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
|
|
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Typical
duration of construction for each type of latrine/service provided?
|
Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
|
|
|
Operation and maintenance do sanitation
provider know about the requirements for each type of latrine have
constructed; do sanitation provider provide such information to
beneficiaries?
|
Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
|
|
|
How the sanitation providers
identify new customers?
|
Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
|
|
|
Sanitation Policy Environment
|
What legal requirements are there for household
sanitation and how are these enforced?
|
Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
|
|
Are permits needed for latrine construction? From
where are such permits obtained?
|
Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
|
|
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Are there any regulations regarding types of
sanitation technology, land tenure restrictions, or other
laws that prevent households from installing a
latrine?
|
Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
|
|
|
Do building regulations rule out sanitation
options that might be cheaper and more attractive to
poorer households?
|
Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
|
|
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What regulations and public services exist
regarding the disposal of fecal waste and how are they
enforced and operated?
|
Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
|
|
|
Sanitation Partnerships and Networks
|
Is there any related program or project can
support sanitation marketing development?
|
Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
|
|
Which institutions (government, NGOs) are
involved directly in sanitation provision? Like what the government structure
and capacity?
|
Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
|
|
|
Who influences sanitation provision even when not
directly involved?
|
Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
|
|
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Where are they located?
|
Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
|
|
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What is the nature and scope of their activities?
|
Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
|
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When are their respective activities implemented?
|
Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
|
|
|
Do the identified partners play complementary,
supplementary, or disruptive roles?
|
Secondary data
|
In-depth interview
|
4.
Scope of Work,
Timeframe and Deliverables
The consultants are expected to produce and
submit the following deliverables:
1.
Research protocol specifying a detailed research activity
plan and proposed research instruments that will be discussed and agreed upon
prior to field activity.
2.
Provide regular update while field activity is on
progress until it have been complete step by step.
3.
Presentations of initial findings after field
activities have been concluded.
4.
Submission of a comprehensive final research analysis
report in English (with one copy of the report in Bahasa) one week after
receiving feedback from Plan Indonesia.
5.
Summary report maximum 10 pages also summary table for
comparison of five district according to all information we need in English and
Bahasa.
6.
Hardcopies of filled-in questionnaires and observation
form (if available), interview transcripts and attendance lists, photos and
other valuable survey materials.
The formative research
is to be started in September until the end of November. The detail schedule
for all activities is as follow:
|
Activities
|
September
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October
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November
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W1
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W2
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W3
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W4
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W1
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W2
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W3
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W4
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W1
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W2
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W3
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W4
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Consultants selection and recruitment
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Field research period in five districts
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Presentation and consultation of field research result
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Final report development
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Socialization of final result to related stakeholders
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Five
districts for location of formative research are Manggarai Timur, Ngada, Ende, Sabu
Raijua, and Kupang district.
5.
Managements
Performance of this research will involve
the participation of various
stakeholders with roles and responsibilities of
each, the following are stakeholders:
1. Research Consultant
The
role as a main researcher with full responsibilities from define problem,
develop approach, study design, data collection, data analysis, until reporting also recomendations.
2. Plan Indonesia
Responsibilities
is develop terms of reference, review proposal, procure research consultant,
review instruments developed by research consultant against research
objectives, obtain regular updates from research consultant, agree on
tabulation and analysis plan (using backward research process for example),
review top line results and adjust/develop strategy, review final report,
adjust/develop strategy based on findings and recommendations.
3. Research Partner
This is who support the research from
government, non government institution, or individual support.
6.
Qualifications and
Experiences Required
Consultant interested in submitting a proposal should have the following
criteria:
1.
Qualified consultant firm or individual.
2.
For individual consultant possess equal composition of
qualified academic background, knowledge, and related experience.
3.
Have an extensive experience in managing research in
the context of market and social research.
4.
Experience in WASH and community development will be a
plus.
7.
Estimated Budget
Research budget will
estimate and propose by interested consultants according to they proposal
submitted.
Submission
Interested consultant (s) are requested to :
-
Submit a 5-7 page
proposal outlining the proposed research ideas and describing the comparative
advantage of the consultant(s) to undertake the formative research assignment, no later than September 24th 2013 to HRD.Indonesia@plan-
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Attend our invitation to expose the proposal
-
Plan Indonesia decision for the winner is absolute and
inviolable.
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